Process and device for the impregnation and drying of textile material

ABSTRACT

Process for the impregnation and subsequent drying of textile material in which the material is treated with an impregnating bath containing an inflammable organic liquid, wherein the materials are dried by burning off of this liquid.

United States Patent Birke et al.

[451 Sept. w, 1975 1 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE IMPREGNATION AND DRYING OF TEXTILE MATERIAL [75] Inventors: Walter Birke; Hans-Ulrich von der Eltz; Franz Schon, all of Frankfurt am Main, Germany [73] Assignee: Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft,

Frankfurt am Main, Germany [22] Filed: Nov. 1, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 302,853

[51] Int. C1. D06C 7/04 [58] Field of Search 8/140; 62/2; 117/46 R [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2 437397 3/1948 McLemore 8/140 X Primary E.\'aminer-Mayer Weinblatt Attorney, Agent, or FirnzCurtis, Morris & Safford [5 7 ABSTRACT Process for the impregnation and subsequent drying of textile material in which the material is treated with an impregnating bath containing an inflammable organicliquid, wherein the materials are dried by burning off of this liquid.

22 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures US; Patent Se t. 30,1975 Sheet1 of4 3,909,196

US. Patent Sept. 30,1975 Sheet 2 of4 3,909,196

NEE

US. Patent sfipt. 30,1975 Sheet3 of4 I 3,909,196

US. Patent Sept. 30,1975 Sheet4 of4 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE IMPREGNATION AND DRYING OF TEXTILE MATERIAL Textile materials of the most various kinds of fibers can be impregnated from water or organic solvents according to known methods. In these impregnation processes, the textiles are nip-padded, padded or sprayed with a solution or dispersion of the substance to be applied onto thefabric. After the impregnation, the material is generally driedand, depending on the substance applied, further treated. In all these processes, it is necessary to remove the liquid remaining on the textiles from the impregnation bath during drying by the supply of energy.

The present invention relates to a process for the impregnation and subsequent drying of textile material, wherein the material is treated with an impregnating bath containing an inflammable organic liquid and wherein the material is dried by burning off this liquid.

As inflammable organic liquids, there may be used in the process of the invention all inflammable watersoluble or water-miscible and, in connection with emulsifiers, water-insoluble liquids; however, for safety reasons, those liquids are not suitable which have too low ignition points, have too strong an evolution of heat during burning off and have too low evaporation values. Particularly suitable are lower aliphatic alcohols, preferably those containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, especially methanol, furthermore cyclic ethers, in particular dioxane. The mentioned solvents are used alone or in admixture with water. It is possible to use small amounts of such organic solvents which develop strong heat during burning off, especially when the process is carried out with impregnating baths which contain high proportions of water. Particularly suitable are impregnating baths which contain to 90 by volume of alcohol and 90 to l0 by volume of water, preferably 30 to 80 by volume of methanol. The addition of water permits control of the speed of the burning off process. In this manner,an optimal mixture can be determined for each fibrous material which prevents inflammation of the fibrous material during the burning off process. I i I The process of the invention is carried ,out by padding, spraying or nip-padding the material in the usual manner with an impregnating bath which contains, in addition to the substances to be applied onto the fabric, different amounts of one or more inflammableorganic liquids The impregnating bath may furthermorecontain chemicals and auxiliary agents such as dispersing agents, emulsifiers, dyestuff solvents, wetting agents, thickening agents, fiber swelling agents, dyeing accelerators, and so on. The quantity of inflammable organic liquid added can varywithin widelimits'and depends on the textile material to be treated and on'the nature of the substance to be applied onto the fiber. The 'temperature used during the treatment of the textile material with the impregnating bath has practi point of the liquid used. Depending on the machine speedselected, temperatures of the materialof about 1 to 40 C, preferably 1 to 15 C, below the respective ignition point of the impregnating bath are sufficient.

In special finishing processes which require that the material remain in contact with the impregnating bath for a prolonged period of time theconditions are so selected that after the dwelling the temperature required with a view to the ignition point is still maintained.

After impregnation and/or dwelling, the material is dried in such a manner that the inflammable organic solvent is ignited by a suitable ignition device and burned off completely. For safety reasons, it is advisable to use such mixturesof water and inflammable organic solvents whose ignition points are above room,

systems. In special cases, the burning off of the liquid on the material can also be effected on one side by the supply of additional heat, which according to the inven-.

tion can be realized preferably during passage of the material around a rotating drum. I

If the impregnating bath which is already on the ma terial is heated, for example by infrared heating devices to temperatures above the ignition pointof the respective solvent used, a single ignition is in general suffi cient. The ignition is suitably effected in direct vicinity of the heating device.

In the mode of operation using a rotating drum, this heating of the material may be effected, for example by an oil-heated drum, by infrared irradiation, orby gas jets, or in the ease ofa perforated drum, by hot air. Ad ditional heating devices along the burn-off area are furth'ermore of advantage, if the operation is carried out with impregnating baths which contain a high proportion of water. It is thereby possible to adjust, the steam to temperatures at which it may be used directly or indirectly for any fixing processes following the drying.

Depending on the special impregnating process, the dried material is then further treated. For example, in a dyeing process, the dyestuffis fixed in the usual man ner, either by contact heat, by a hot air treatment, by

I may be used for the hardening of the precondensates 6 applied .onto the fabrics.

The process of the invention is suitable for such impregnating processes in which one or several substances are applied onto the fabric. Such substances are, for example the dyestuffs, sizing agents, optical brightcners, finishing agents and other substances usually employed in the textile industry. As dyestuffs, practically all dyestuffs of any class and any form of application may be used in the process of the invention, independently on whether the dyestuffs are soluble or not in the inflammable liquid used. If dyestuff solutions are used, the dyestuffs employed need not be prepared in the commercial form, but can He used without previous finish treatment of the dyestuff.

The process can by applied practically to all kinds of fibers of native or synthetic origin, as well as to all fiber mixtures. The textile materials may be present in processing states suitable for a continuous method of operation, for example as cables, worsted, filaments, yarns, fabrics, knitted fabrics or non-woven fabrics.

The burning off produces a more or less strong singeing effect which is dependent on the inflammable solvent and on the water content of the treating baths and which in many cases makes unnecessary a usual singeing treatment.

The advantage of the process of the invention resides in the fact that the textile material can be dried, after the impregnating processes, in simple manner and optionally without additional energy, whereby the products are distributed essentially more uniformly on the textile material than according to the conventional processes. This applies especially to strongly migrating dyestuffs which yield considerably more level dyeings when treated according to the process of the invention. It was surprising that the fibers are not damaged by this treatment and that the textile-technological character, for example the handle is fully maintained. A further advantage of the process of the invention is that, if methanol is used, no substances are formed by the burning off which would contaminate the air or the water. Moreover, the use of methanol/water mixtures offers the advantage that the speed of the burning off can be controlled in easy manner by modification of the mixing proportion and, on the other hand, that in this manner the natural moisture of the fiber can be better regulated.

A drying equipment which is suitable for realizing the process of the invention is shown, by way of example, in the annexed drawings. In general, and with reference to said drawings, such a drying device comprises a burning off chamber (1) with inlet and outlet and transporting means for the material during passage through the device, an igniting element (2) and and means for the supply of air (3) and for the discharge of the exhaust gases and of the steam (4), as shown in the sche matical drawing FIG. I. The material (5) may enter into the burning off chamber either from the top of from below. In addition, certain safety means must be provided.

If the goods enter the chamber from below, the ignition device must be so constructed as to ensure continuous ignition of the solvent entering anew with the goods the burn-off chamber. If the goods are passed in the inversed sense, the ignition device shall ignite the solvent vapors only once. The burning off then proceeds automatically, since the goods are running into the rising flame. In order to obtain uniform drying of the web of the fabric, one ignition device each on each side of the web of the fabric or on both edges must be present. As igniting devices. for example gas flames or electric ignition elements may be used.

At the top side, the burning off chamber is suitably sealed. for reasons of safety. by a pair of rolls (6). At the lower part of the chamber. an inlet or outlet slot (7) is in general sufficient. The metal rolls as well as the inlet or discharge slot may be provided with sliding bands (8) or other non-inflammable sealings. The height of the chamber depends on the speed of passage of the goods and on the nature and quantity of the inflammable liquid used. In practice, the burning off chamber will have a height of from 0.5 to 10 m, preferably l to 5 m. The burning off chamber may also be constructed in a totally or partly open form, in which the lateral walls are completely or partially omitted.

The top part of the chamber is provided with discharge openings (4) for the hot exhaust gases which can be passed directly into a fixing chamber arranged beside the burning off chamber. The air required for the burning off is supplied from outside through corresponding tubes (3). For reasons of safety, a ventilating device (9) can be arranged before the burning off chamber which removes by aspiration any solvent vapors which are released from the moist material before it enters the chamber.

Another safety device or a device for stopping the machine consists of nozzles (10) which are directed, in the case of an open or semi-open construction, to the burning off area and, which, in the case of a closed construction, are placed within the burning off chamber or before the inlet aperture and optionally before the outlet aperture and through which nitrogen or another non inflammable gas can be passed. If these nozzles are opened, the supply of oxygen or air should simultaneously be stopped.

In the equipment shown by FIG. I, the goods can also be passed from the top downwards. In this case, the igniting device (2), the means for the supply of air (3) and the suction device (9) have to arranged at the upper part of the burn-off chamber.

The elements required for transporting the fabric are suitably protected against too strong heating by a heat shield (11). Furthermore, they are adjustable in height, whereby the drying distance can be varied in length. Along the fabric web transported within the drying chamber, they are arranged on both sides heating devices (12) which heat up the inflammable liquid on the fabric to above its ignition point and, on the other hand, promotes the evaporation of the inflammable liquid or of the water. In addition thereto, they support the heating up of the exhaust gases and'of the steam so that these can be used directly or indirectly for fixing processes. Along the drying distance, there are arranged control devices (14) for the drying, the regulation of the speed of the fabric in dependence on the burning-off distance and for the function of the safety devices. The control of the flame is effected, for example by lateral air nozzles (13) which are likewise arranged at both sides of the burning off area and can be turned to either side.

Another safety device consists in cooling elements for the goods to be treated and the impregnating liquor, which are arranged before the inlet of the goods into the chamber. Such elements may comprise, for example a cooling trough with foulard rollers and a cooling drum.

The combination of the equipment of the invention with known finishing machines is illustrated in the annexed schematic drawings. The reference numbers used in these drawings have the following meanings: FIG. ll

5 \Veb of fabric [6 Foulartl, trough. bath 2 Ignition device l7 Infrared tunnel, infrared irradiator (burn-off chamber) 18 Aspiration drum l9 Docking device 20 Sieve band, endless running 21 Steamer FIG. III:

5 Web of fabric 22 Cooling drum 23 Cooling trough 24 Foulard squeezing rollers 25 Padding chamber under slight underpressure(31l to 911 mbar) 2 Ignition device 17 Infrared tunnel with infrared irradiators 26 Sieve drum, at the same time thermosol Distributor chamber for hot air FIG. IV shows a modification of above-described types of the device of the invention, using as transporting means for the goods a perforated rotating drum, and in which the burning off of the inflammable portions of the impregnating bath is effected from one side. The reference numbers used in FIG. IV have the following meanings: FIG. IV:

1 Burn-off chamber 2 Ignition device 3 Supply of air 4 Discharge of the exhaust gases and of the steam 5 Web of fabric 27 Fabric guide rollers 7 Inlet slot 28 Drying drum 9 Ventilation device 10 Safety nozzles 12 Heating devices 29 Discharge slot According to the invention, the drying drum in FIG.

IV may be a closedor perforated drum. With a closed drum, hot water, steam or oil which are circulated in the drum may serve for heating up the impregnating liquor on the goods to a temperature above the ignition point. If a perforated drum is used, hot air is blown from one side through the textile material, which has the same effect. The diameter of this drum depends on the drying speed of the textile material.

The burning off process can be controlled by photo cells, thermosensors or other control devices; thus, such control devices which are placed below or above the ignition device can trigger, for example in the case of a flame running backwards, the above-described safety devices and/or optionally regulate the speed of the machine and influence the ignition device.

The following Examples illustrate the invention:

CH COCHCONH CNHCOCHCOCH3 S EXAMPLE 1: 15 g of the commercial dyestuff of the formula were dissolved in 200 ml of water at about C and then diluted with 800 m1 of methanol. A cotton twill was padded with this bath at about 20 C and dried in a suitable plant by burning off the inflammable solvent that had remained behind on the material. A blue dyeing with impeccable aspect was obtained, whereas a dyeing prepared from an aqueous bath and dried on a conventional drying apparatus showed strong signs of migratlon.

The dyeing was then further treated according to a method usual for this class of dyestuffs (cold overpadding with a bath, which contained 20 g/l of concentrated sodium sulfide, 10 ml/] of 33% formaldehyde and 200 g/l of sodium chloride, air passage for 30seconds, rinsing cold and hot, hot soaping for 10 minutes with 0,3 g/l of a non-ionogenic detergent on the basis of an alkyIphenol-polyglycol ether and 0.5 g/l of soda, rinsing and drying).

EXAMPLE 2:

20 g of a mixture of equal parts of the two commercial dyestuffs of the formulae were applied onto a cotton poplin from a mixture of 70% by volume and 30% by volume of water. The method used corresponded to that described in Example l with the modification that the two last rinsing processes after soaping were carried out in methanol. The fabric was then squeezed and dried, in the same manner as after the dyestuff impregnation, by burning off the inflammable liquid that remained on the fiber. A green dyeing was obtained; neither after the first drying nor after completion of the dyeing there could be stated any unlevelness or dyestuff migration. In contradistinction thereto, a dyeing produced from an aqueous bath and dried on a conventional drying apparatus exhibited these disadvantageous aspects to a high degree.

EXAMPLE 3 2 g of the dyestuff of the formula were dissolved in 1 liter of methanol. With this bath, a fabric of polyester fibers was padded on a foulard at about C and dried by burning off the alcohol in a suitable apparatus.

In a second experiment, the same dyestuff was used' at the same concentration, this time however in a commercial form provided with filling agents, in a mixture of 80 by volume of methanoland 2O by volume of water.

Both blue dyeings showed no migration of the dyestuff and a very good appearance of the fabric. in contradistinction thereto, a dyeing prepared from an aqueous dispersion and which had been dried on a conventional drying apparatus showed distinct migration of the dyestuff and a stripe-like appearance which is typical for the fabric used.

All the dyeings were then further treated in the usual manner (fixation for 1 minute at 200 to 210 C with hot air).

EXAMPLE 4 g of a mixture of commercial dyestuffs of the following formulae and in the indicated mixing proportion were dispersed in 1 liter of a mixture of by volume of methanol and 40 by volume of water at about 30 C. A cotton fabric (linnen structure) was padded on a foulard with this bath and dried in a suitable apparatus by burning off the inflammable liquid on the fabric. A khaki coloured fabric was obtained which, with regard to levelness and depth of colour, exhibited a very good outer appearancewhich was also maintained after the further treatment of the dyeing according to one of the usual methods (for example, over-padding with an alkali, reduction agent and electrolyte containing bath, subsequent steaming, oxydation, etc.).

EXAMPLE 5 3 g each of the dyestuffC.l. 49 705 (Solvent Blue 22) were dissolved in each time 1 liter of the following solvents at about 20 C: methanol, isopropanol, perchloroethylene, methylene chloride.

Fabrics of polyester staple fibers and of polyamide-6 staple fibers were then padded on a foulard with these dyestuff solutions and dried. Drying was effected in the case of the alcohols used in a suitable apparatus by burning off and in the case of the chlorinated hydrocarbons in a conventional drying apparatus.

The blue dyeings dried by burning off showed a completely uniform appearance, whereas the ,two other dyeings produced from perchloroethylene and methylene chloride showed strong dyestuff migration and a strong double-sidedness. The dyeings were subsequently further treated according to one of the usual methods (for example, thermofixation).

EXAMPLE 6 2 g each of the blue dyestuff of the formula were dissolved in each time 1 liter of the following liquids: methanol, isopropanol, a mixture of 90 by volume of methanol and 10% by volume of water, a mixture of 60 by volume of methanol and 40 by volume of isopropanol, perchloroethylene and methylene chloride.

The further mode of operation corresponded to that described in Example 5. The results obtained were similar to those obtained in Example 5.

EXAMPLE 7 5 g of the dyestuff CI. 62125 (Acid Blue 40) were dissolved in 1 liter of a mixture of 80% by volume of methanol and 20 by volume of water at about 40 C. After cooling to room temperature, a fabric of polyamide 6,6 staple fibers was impregnated with this solution on a foulard and subsequently dried on a suitable apparatus by burning off the inflammable liquide that remained on the goods. An impeccable uniform blue dyeing was obtained which was then further treated ac cording to a usual method (for example, by steaming).

Similar results were obtained on'a wool gabardine and on a mixed fabric of wool and polyamide-6 fibers, in which, especially in the dyeing of wool, the frosting effect which appears in most cases when dyeing with the dyestuff according to conventional methods could not be stated after the drying method of the invention.

Similar results could be obtained on the described 3 types of fabrics with the following dyestuffs:

a. lOg/l of the blue dyestuff CI. 62 155 (Acid Blue 1 1 1) b. 8 g/l of the yellow dyestuff of the formula in the form of the 1:2 chromium complex,

c. 6 g/l of the red dyestuff of the formula COOH H EXAMPLE 8 g of the dyestuff CI. 18 852 (Reactive Yellow 17) in the form of a commercial preparation were dissolved in 250 ml of water at about 60 C.

Furthermore, 3 g of the dyestuff of the formula were dissolved in 750 ml of methanol. Both solutions were mixed. As alkali for the fixation of the reactive dyestuff, 8 g of soda were added.

A mixed fabric of 67 of polyester fibers and 33 of cotton was padded with this bath on a foulard and dried, as described in the foregoing Examples, by burning off. A fabric was obtained which showed a completely uniform appearance.

The further treatment of the yellow dyeing on both fiber components was effected by a hot air treatment at about 190 C for 1 minute. The dyed fabric was then rinsed cold and hot with water, then soaped hot for 10 minutes with an aqueous bath which contained, per li- 'ter, 1 g of a conventional soaping agent on the basis of a fatty acid methyl tauride, and finally rinsed at first with water and subsequently with methanol. The methanolwet fabric was squeezed on a foulard with a squeezing effect of 40 (parts by weight, referred to the weight of the fabric) and directly thereafter sprayed to a layer of 30 (likewise parts by weight, referred to the weight of the goods) with a liquor which contained g of a finishing agent in the form of a commercial polyvinyl acetate dispersion containing a softener, per liter of a mixture of 80 by volume of water and 20 by volume of methanol.

The fabric was then dried, as in the preceding dyestuff drying, in a suitable apparatus by burning off the inflammable solvents on the goods. The final treatment was carried out by calandering at about 60 C.

EXAMPLE 9 A fabric of polyester staple fibers was padded on a foulard with a bath which contained, per liter of a mixture of 65 of 65% by volume of methanol and 35% by volume of water, 25 g of an optical brightener on the basis of benzoxazole present in the commercial form of an aqueous dispersion. The padded fabric was dried, as described in the preceding Examples, by burning off. The further treatment was effected by a conventional heat fixation at 200 C for 30 seconds.

EXAMPLE 10 A dyed mixed fabric of 67% of polyester fibers and 33 of cotton was padded on a foulard with a bath which contained, per liter of a mixture of 60 by volume of methanol and 40 by volume of water, 80 g of a finishing agent on the basis of a commercial polyvinyl acetate dispersion containing a softener. The fabric was then dried in a suitable apparatus by burning off the inflammable liquid remaining of the fabric and subsequently calandered. A finished fabric which was fast to washing was obtained.

EXAMPLE 1 l A water or alcohol soluble finishing agent on the basis of a copolymer was applied (a) from water according to the conventional method, (b) from methanol according to the method described in Example 10, onto a staple fiber lining. There were obtained similar results according to both methods with regard to influence on the handle and improvement of the non-slip properties.

EXAMPLE 12 g of a commercial high quality finishing agent on the basis of a carbamate reactant resin were dissolved together with 25 g of crystallized magnesium chloride in a mixture of 70 by volume of methanol and 30 by volume of water. Unbleached cotton poplin was padded with this bath on a foulard and driedby burning off as described above. The final treatment was carried out by the usual condensation at about 160 C for 3 minutes. A poplin with an excellent wash-and-wear finish and a soft handle was obtained.

Excellent results with simultaneous optical brightening effects were also obtained when adding to the above-described impregnating bath 4 g of a commercial optical brightener for cellulose fibers on the basis of a stilbene derivative and carrying out the condensation or thermosolation at about 190 C for about 20 seconds.

EXAMPLE l3 Fabrics of the following fibers: polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, cellulose triacetate and cellulose 2 /2 acetate, were impregnated by padding with a solution of 60 g/l of a commercial antistatic agent on the basis of a polycondensation product containing reactive groups and 3 g/l of calc. soda in a mixture of 70% by volume of methanol and 30 by volume of water. The drying of the fabrics was carried out as described in the preceding Examples by burning off. The fixation of the antistatic agent to render it fast to washing was effected by treatment with dry hot air at about 120 C for 90 seconds. In all cases, there were obtained similar results as those obtained according to a conventional method of aqueous application.

EXAMPLE 14 20 g of the dyestuff Vat Orange 7 (CI. 71 105) were dispersed in 600 ml of water and made up with dioxane (diethylene dioxde) to a volume of 1 liter. A cotton twill was padded on a foulard with this bath and dried in a suitable apparatus by burning off the inflammable liquid remaining on the fabric. A brilliant orange dyeing showing a completely uniform appearance with regard to levelness and depth of shade was obtained, which was also preserved after the fixation of the dyestuff according to one of the methods used for vat dyestuffs.

EXAMPLE 1 4 g of the dyestuff Acid Blue 40 (CI. No. 62 125) were dissolved in 1 liter of a mixture of 80 by volume of methanol and by volume of water. A fabric of polyamide-6,6 staple fibers was padded on a foulard at about 18 C and dried in a suitable apparatus by burning off the alcohol. The dyestuff was subsequently fixed on the polyamide fabric by a hot air treatment for 1 minute at about 200 C. This was carried out in a chamber directly connected to the burning off chamber and which was heated indirectly by the heat set free by the burning off.

The dyed fabric was further treated at first in the usual manner by rinsing, soaping with an aqueous bath of 0.5 g/l of a non-ionogenic detergent at about 40 C and rinsing with water. After the last rinsing, the fabric was squeezed, rinsed with methanol, squeezed again and dried, as after the impregnation with dyestuff, by

burning off the alcohol. A blue dyeing was obtained.

We claim:

1. A process for the impregnation of a textile material with a textile treating agent and subsequent drying of the textile material comprising treating the textile material with an impregnating bath, said bath consisting.

essentially of a textile treating agent and an inflammable organic liquid, and drying said textile material by burning off the liquid.

2. The process of claim .1, wherein the impregnating bath comprises a monohydric hydrocarbon alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

3. The process of claim I, wherein the impregnating bathcomprises 10 to by volume of alcohol and 90 to 10% by volume of water.

4. The process of claim 1, Wherein the textile treating agent comprises a dyestuff.

5. The process of claim 1, wherein the textile materials to be treated and the impregnation bath prior to the burning step are cooled to temperatures below the ignition point of the inflammable organic liquid in the impregnating bath and maintained at these temperatures until the ignition of the inflammable organic liquid.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein the inflammable liquid after impregnation onto the material, prior to the burning step, is at a temperature of about 1 to 40C below the ignition temperature of the inflammable organic liquid.

7. The process of claim 1, wherein a dwelling step is' provided between the impregnation and drying steps.

8. The process of claim 1, wherein the burning off of 9. The process of claim 8, wherein the burning off of the organic inflammable liquid from the material is carried out on one side of said material.

10. The process of claim 1, wherein the heat released during the burning off is used for drying the material.

11. The process of claim 1 wherein the heat released during the burning off and heat supplied during the burning off are used for drying the material.

12. A process for treating textile material which consists essentially of applying to the textile material a textile treating agent and an inflammable organic liquid and subsequently drying the textile material by burning off the organic liquid.

13. The process 'of claim 12 wherein the treating agent and the inflammable organic liquid are applied to the textile material in the same step.

14. The process of claim 12 wherein the textile treating agent is applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is subsequently applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is burned off from the textile material drying the textile material.

15. The process of claim 12 wherein the treating agent is selected from the group consisting of dyestuffs.

16. The process of claim 12 wherein the heat released during the burning off of the inflammable organic liquid fixes the treating agent in the textile material and dries the textile material.

17. A process for dyeing a textile material whichconsists essentially of applying dyestuffs to the textile material and applying an inflammable organic liquid to the material and subsequently drying the textile material by burning off the organic liquid.

18. The process of claim 17 wherein the dyestuff and the inflammable organic liquid are applied to the textile material in the same step.

19. The process of claim 17 wherein the dyestuff is applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is subsequently applied to the textile material.

20. A process for impregnating textile materials with dyestuffs or finishing agents and the subsequent drying of the textile materials, said textile materials consisting of natural or synthetic fibers or a mixture thereof, said process comprising treating the textile materials with an impregnating bath, said bath consisting essentially of said dyestuffs or finishing agents or a mixture thereof and an organic liquid selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon monohydric alcohol containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms, dioxane and mixtures thereof, and 

1. A PROCESS FOR THE IMPREGNATION OF A TEXTILE MATERIAL WITH A TEXTILE TREATING AGENT AND SUBSEQUENT DRYING OF THE TEXTILE MATERIAL COMPRISING TREATING THE TEXTILE MATERIAL WITH AN IMPREGNATING BATH, SAID BATH CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A TEXTILE TREATING AGENT AND AN INFLAMMABLE ORGANIC LIQUID, AND DRYING SAID TEXTILE MATERIAL BY BURING OFF THE LIQUID.
 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the impregnating bath comprises a monohydric hydrocarbon alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
 3. The process of claim 1, wherein the impregnating bath comprises 10 to 90% by volume of alcohol and 90 to 10% by volume of water.
 4. The process of claim 1, wherein the textile treating agent comprises a dyestuff.
 5. The process of claim 1, wherein the textile materials to be treated and the impregnation bath prior to the burning step are cooled to temperatures below the ignition point of the inflammable organic liquid in the impregnating bath and maintained at these temperatures until the ignition of the inflammable organic liquid.
 6. The process of claim 5, wherein the inflammable liquid after impregnation onto the material, prior to the burning step, is at a temperature of about 1* to 40*C below the ignition temperature of the inflammable organic liquid.
 7. The process of claim 1, wherein a dwelling step is provided between the impregnation and drying steps.
 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the burning off of the organic inflammable liquid from the material is carried out with the supply of additional heat.
 9. The process of claim 8, wherein the burning off of the organic inflammable liquid from the material is carried out on one side of said material.
 10. The process of claim 1, wherein the heat released during the burning off is used for drying the material.
 11. The process of claim 1 wherein the heat released during the burning off and heat supplied during the burning off are used for drying the material.
 12. A process for treating textile material which consists essentially of applying to the textile material a textile treating agent and an inflammable organic liquid and subsequently drying the textile material by burning off the organic liquid.
 13. The process of claim 12 wherein the treating agent and the inflammable organic liquid are applied to the textile material in the same step.
 14. The process of claim 12 wherein the textile treating agent is applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is subsequently applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is burned off from the textile material drying the textile material.
 15. The process of claim 12 wherein the treating agent is selected from the group consisting of dyestuffs.
 16. The process of claim 12 wherein the heat released during the burning off of the inflammable organic liquid fixes the treating agent in the textile material and dries the textile material.
 17. A process for dyeing a textile material which consists essentially of applying dyestuffs to the textile material and applying an inflammable organic liquid to the material and subsequently drying the textile material by burning off the organic liquid.
 18. The process of claim 17 wherein the dyestuff and the inflammable organic liquid are applied to the textile material in the same step.
 19. The process of claim 17 wherein the dyestuff is applied to the textile material and the inflammable organic liquid is subsequently applied to the textile material.
 20. A process for impregnating textile materials with dyestuffs or finishing agents and the subsequent drying of the textile materials, said textile materials consisting of natural or synthetic fibers or a mixture thereof, said process comprising treating the textile materials with an impregnating bath, said bath consisting essentially of said dyestuffs or finishing agents or a mixture thereof and an organic liquid selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon monohydric alcohol containing 1 To 3 carbon atoms, dioxane and mixtures thereof, and drying the textile materials by burning off the organic liquid.
 21. The process of claim 20 wherein an alcohol and water mixture are used which consists of between 10 and 90% by volume of alcohol and 90 to 10% by volume of water.
 22. The process of claim 20 wherein the alcohol is methanol. 